My doctoral research explores how rhythmic electrical stimulation can modulate pain processing by targeting communication between the brain and spinal cord. Using high-definition transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and transcutaneous spinal stimulation (tsACS), I aim to investigate how synchronized oscillations influence the way nociceptive signals are processed and perceived. Through a combination of EEG recordings, spinal evoked potentials, and behavioral pain assessments, the project seeks to uncover the neurophysiological mechanisms that support top-down and bottom-up pain modulation. Ultimately, this work aims to develop a noninvasive, personalized approach to restore healthy brain-spinal communication and reduce pain sensitivity - contributing to the long-term goal of creating safer, mechanism-based treatments for chronic pain.